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An illustration of a robot they have exposed cogs in their body and their hand is raised in a wave.

What is a wheel and axle mechanism?

A wheel and axle mechanism is a simple device you make when you connect one or more wheels to an axle.

They are used to help things move.

A wheel is a round, flat object made of a hard material.

An axle is a rod that passes through the centre of the wheel.

An illustration of a robot they have exposed cogs in their body and their hand is raised in a wave.
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Video: Wheel and axle mechanisms

Join Emma-Louise in the workshop to find out how wheel and axle mechanisms are made, why they are useful and where they can be found.

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Bike wheel
Image caption,
Some wheels, like on this bicycle, have bars or rods that connect the centre of a wheel to its outer edge.

What is a wheel?

A wheel is a circular, flat object that can spin around a central point.

Most are made from hard materials, such as metal, plastic or wood.

This is so they can carry heavy loads and be used many times without breaking.

Wheels are used in vehicles, such as cars or bicycles, to help them move forward and backward.

Bike wheel
Image caption,
Some wheels, like on this bicycle, have bars or rods that connect the centre of a wheel to its outer edge.
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Train wheel
Image caption,
These train wheels are attached at either end of a large heavy axle. They must be strong to support the weight of the train.

What is an axle?

An axle is a rod that passes through the centre of a wheel.

The wheel grips the axle tightly, so the wheel and axle turn together.

Axles help wheels stay in place and spin smoothly.

Train wheel
Image caption,
These train wheels are attached at either end of a large heavy axle. They must be strong to support the weight of the train.
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Examples of wheel mechanisms

Wheels can be found everywhere.

They help cars, bicycles and trains move.

They are sometimes found hidden in things. For example:

  • wheelbarrows
  • rollercoasters and Ferris wheels
  • sliding mechanisms of drawers
  • DVD players and games consoles
  • wheelchairs
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Key words

AxleA rod that passes through the centre of a wheel, allowing it to spin.
MechanismA set of moving parts that work together to make something happen.
VehicleAny form of transport to move people or things.
WheelA circular, flat object that can spin around a central point.
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Quiz

Take this quiz to find out what you know about wheel and axle mechanisms.

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More on Mechanisms

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