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The Great Barrier Reef became a recognised area of ecological importance when it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1981. Since this public recognition, visitor numbers have been increasing virtually year on year. This has put great pressure on the reef and immediately forced the Australian government to carefully manage this vital ecosystem.

Today, the Great Barrier Reef is regarded as one of the best managed marine ecosystems in the world – but what has been done?

The Great Barrier Reef has been divided into different management zones. Within each zone certain restrictions are put in place to prevent the reef being damaged. Some zones permit general use while others prevent any human activity at all. This means that while tourists, scientists and other groups are still allowed to enjoy the reef, not all the reef is vulnerable to damage at one time. This type of zoning provides social, economic and environmental benefits at both local and national levels.

Social benefits of zoning

People can still enjoy the wonders of the reef and experience boat trips, snorkelling and generally learn about the biodiversity of the reef.

Economic benefits of zoning

The reef supports many businesses in the local area and provides employment for thousands of people indirectly worldwide from local fisherman to travel guides, deep sea diving instructors to scientists, conservationists and official government ministers.

Environmental benefits of zoning

Not all the reef is open for access by people and industry, this means the reef has a chance to replenish naturally and remain undisturbed. These zones are also changed from year to year, for instance what may have been a ‘restrictive zone’ one year might change to become a ‘general use zone’ the year after.