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How can lifestyle, genes and environment affect health?Liver disease

Our genomes interact with our environment to create our phenotypes. While some aspects of our environment are beyond our control, scientists are realising that lifestyle interacts with the genome too.

Part of Combined ScienceKeeping healthy

Liver disease

The liver performs many vital functions, from removing toxins from the body to controlling cholesterol and blood glucose levels.

There are three types of liver disease:

  • alcohol-related - caused by years of drinking too much alcohol
  • fatty liver disease - caused by a build-up of fat in the liver cells, usually in people who are overweight or obese
  • inherited liver disease - a faulty version of the HFE gene causes a build-up of iron in the liver

Alcohol and liver function

Drinking excess can damage the liver, the organ responsible for processing and breaking down alcohol.

The liver can its cells, but long-term alcohol abuse causes serious damage:

  • the patient begins by feeling sick, experiences weight loss, loss of appetite, there is a yellowing of the eyes, confusion, drowsiness and vomiting of blood
  • alcohol causes lipids to build up in the - fatty liver disease
  • alcohol damage leads to alcoholic , which can lead to death
  • of the liver can develop - the liver becomes scarred and loses its ability to function
  • changes are now irreversible and the reduced ability to process alcohol can also lead to brain damage