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The AC generator - CCEAAlternator output on a graph

An important application of electromagnetic induction is the AC generator. This consists of a coil of wire rotating in a magnetic field and is used in power stations in the large-scale generation of electricity to supply homes and factories.

Part of Physics (Single Science)Magnetism and electromagnetism

Alternator output on a graph

The output of a generator can be represented on an induced current鈥搕ime graph which is shown below.

It shows four different positions of the coil of the generator, and the corresponding induced current.

The output of a generator can be represented on an induced current鈥搕ime graph. It shows four different positions of the coil of the generator, and the corresponding induced current.
Figure caption,
The potential difference-time graph for an alternator

A - The coil is at 0掳. The coil is moving parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, so no current is induced.

B - The coil is at 90掳. The coil is moving at 90掳 to the direction of the magnetic field, so the induced current is at its maximum.

C - The coil is at 180掳. The coil is moving parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, so no current is induced.

D - The coil is at 270掳. The coil is moving at 90掳 to the direction of the magnetic field, so the induced potential difference is at its maximum. Here, the induced current is in the opposite direction to what it was at B.

E - The coil is at 360掳, ie it is back at its starting point, having done a full rotation. The coil is moving parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, so no current is induced.