Biological polymers
Biological A large molecule formed from many identical smaller molecules known as monomers. are made naturally by Living entity, eg animals, plants or microorganisms..
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid. The material inside the nucleus of cells, carrying the genetic information of a living being. is a polymer made from four different Small molecule, usually containing a C=C bond, that can join end to end with other monomers to form a polymer molecule., called The units or molecules of which DNA is composed.. These join together in different combinations to make long strands. In a DNA A collection of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds., two strands wrap around each other to form a The shape of the DNA molecule, with two strands twisted together in a spiral. structure.
There are four different nucleotides:
- adenine, A
- thymine, T
- cytosine, C
- guanine, G
Weak attractive forces between molecules. When a simple molecular substance melts or boils, it is the intermolecular forces that are broken (not the covalent bonds in each molecule). between nucleotides on opposite strands hold the structure of DNA together.
Starch
A type of carbohydrate. Plants can turn the glucose produced in photosynthesis into starch for storage, and turn it back into glucose when it is needed for respiration. is a polymer made from sugar monomers. Starch molecules contain many A simple sugar used by cells for respiration. molecules, joined together in long chains with branches.
Proteins
Organic compound made up of amino acid molecules. One of the three main food groups, proteins are needed by the body for cell growth and repair. are polymers made from different monomers, called The building blocks that make up a protein molecule.. These join together in different combinations to make long strands, which then fold into complex shapes
Question
Name the monomers found in DNA, starch and proteins.
Nucleotides are the monomers for DNA, glucose is the monomer for starch, and amino acids are the monomers for proteins.