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1. The mRNA molecule travels through the cytoplasm and attaches to the ribosome.
2. tRNA molecules transport specific amino acids to the ribosome.
3. Each mRNA codon codes for a specific amino acid.
4. The first codon of an mRNA molecule is a start codon. This signals the beginning of translation.
5. The anti-codons and codons match up and form complementary base pairs.
6. Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to form the polypeptide (protein).
7. Used tRNA molecules exit the ribosome and collect another specific amino acid.
8. The last codon of an mRNA molecule is a stop codon which signals the end of translation.

After translation, the polypeptide is finally folded into the correct shape and becomes a protein. Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.

The polypeptide chain can be changed by cutting and combining polypeptide chains or by adding phosphate or carbohydrate groups to the protein.