Cloning in animals
Embryo transplants
The most basic technique of animal A scientific method by which genetically identical copies are made of animals or plants. is shown in the diagram below.
The process of cloning animals by embryo transplant
Adult cell cloning
Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned. She was born in the UK in 1996 and died in 2003. She was produced using the nucleus from an udder cell, although other cells such as skin cells may also be used.
The method for adult cell cloning is:
- the nucleus is removed from an unfertilised egg cell
- the nucleus from an adult body cell, such as a skin cell, is inserted into the egg cell
- an electric shock stimulates the egg cell to divide to form an embryo
- these embryo cells contain the same genetic information as the adult skin cell
- when the embryo has developed into a ball of cells, it is inserted into the womb of an adult female to continue its development
The process of cloning Dolly the sheep