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Explanation texts are pieces of writing that explain something. They might tell you how or why something happens, or give information on how to do something.

Some examples are:

• information books or leaflets
• recipes
• or current affairs articles
• guides and manuals

Watch Mr Smith explain more about writing to explain. Follow what he says carefully, and have a go at the tasks he gives you.

Explanation texts often tell you about the parts of a process, usually written in chronological order – this means the process is described in the exact order that things happen or are done.

They are also written in an impersonal style, so don’t normally use the words ‘I’ or ‘you’. This helps the reader to focus better on the process being explained.

Top tip!

• Texts that explain a process usually have a title and introduction, 'stages' that outline the key information, and finally a conclusion, to sum everything up.

Explanation texts that give instructions are used everywhere: Recipes, ‘How to…’ guides and the instructions that come with new toys and games are all examples. Can you think of any others?

Some explanation texts give you clear instructions on how to do something, for a specific purpose - for example, an instruction manual that explains how to build furniture.

Watch this next video to take a closer look at instruction manuals and to see what can go wrong when you don’t follow them properly!

Test your skills in identifying types of instructions by reading the texts and then typing in the correct answers!

Click on the activity to begin.

Click on the image to the right to see a text that explains the process around how tadpoles develop.

Unfortunately, the writer has missed out some important words!

Copy or print out the explanation text and place the missing words in the right places. One of the words has been given in the text, to help you.

Top tip!

• Watch again from 1:20 in the Teacher Talk video for a recap on the useful words to use in introduction and ‘stages’ sentences.

You can check your answers in this .

Over to you! Try writing an explanation text of your own, in which you tell your reader how to do something.

1. Include a title and an introduction.
2. Write at least five steps or ‘stages’ that explain your process.
3. Include at least two sentences for each step.

You can choose from one of these titles, or make up your own if you like, on something you know lots about!

• How to play noughts and crosses

• How to grow a sunflower

• How to brush your teeth

• How make a cheese and tomato sandwich

• How to score the perfect goal

Top tip!

• Remember to write in chronological order and to use an impersonal style.