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Many of the Earth’s resources are finite. Chemists have a role in estimating the amount of reserves remaining and ensuring that the use of resources is sustainable.

All humans rely on safe drinking water. Salt can be removed from sea water to make it safe to drink. Waste water must be treated before being released into the environment.

Life-cycle assessments can evaluate the environmental impact of a product. Many products are recycled to lessen environmental impact. Modern metal extraction can reduce the impact on the environment.

Metals have many properties but some are prone to corrosion. Alloying metals improve their properties. Ceramics, polymers and composites have desirable properties that allows them specific uses.

Fertilisers contain elements which are essential for the healthy growth of crops. Fertilisers can be made in the laboratory and on a larger scale by the chemical industry.

Understanding how to approach exam questions helps to boost exam performance. Question types will include multiple choice, structured, mathematical and practical questions.