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Description is used to convey an impression of a person or place and to create an atmosphere. The best writers select only those descriptive details which help create these effects.

Discursive writing presents an argument related to a given topic. It can either examine both sides of the issue in a balanced way or argue persuasively on one side only.

In a piece of reflective writing the writer not only gives an account of an experience but examines what he or she thought and felt about it, both at the time and later on.

A short story usually centres around a significant moment in the lives of the characters, told either by one of the characters (first person) or by a narrator.