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This week Donald Macleod explores the music of Mussorgsky, with a particular focus on his songs. Today, the tortured history of the two operas Mussorgsky called Boris Godunov.

"When an artist revises, it means he is dissatisfied", Mussorgsky once told his friend Rimsky-Korsakov. That's as may be, but Mussorgsky embarked on his revisions to the first version of his opera about the troubled Russian Tsar because it had been rejected by the music committee of the Directorate of the Imperial Theatres in St Petersburg. The committee objected not to the depiction of a Tsar on stage, but - rather bizarrely to our ears - to the "originality and freshness" of the music, and also, and perhaps crucially, to the absence of "an important female role". To beat the ban, evidently Mussorgsky could have got away with adding a single scene for a prima donna, but he seems to have been genuinely galvanized by the opportunity to reconsider his work, and ended up supplying an entirely new act, as well as an additional final scene. The opera was well received on the premiere of this revised version in 1874, but after Mussorgsky's tragically early death only seven years later, Rimsky-Korsakov took it upon himself to produce a new, 'improved' version of the score, and it was in this inauthentic version that audiences were to hear Boris Godunov for many years to come. Only with the David Lloyd-Jones edition of 1975 was the opera again heard in a form close to that in which the composer had conceived it.

Boris Godunov (Rimsky-Korsakov version); Prologue, conclusion ("Slava! Slava! Slava!")
Chorus of the National Opera of Sofia
Orchestre de la Société des Concerts du Conservatoire
André Cluytens, conductor

Boris Godunov (original 1869 version, ed. David Lloyd-Jones); Pt 2 scene 2, conclusion ("Slava! Slava! Slava!")
Kirov Chorus and Orchestra, St Petersburg
Valery Gergiev, conductor

'Where art thou, little star?'
Boris Christoff, bass
Alexandre Labinsky, piano

Boris Godunov (Rimsky-Korsakov version); Act 2 scene 2
Ludovic Spies, tenor (Dmitri)
Zoltan Kélémen, bass-baritone (Rangoni)
Galina Vishnevskaya, soprano (Marina Mnishek)
Sofia Radio Chorus
Vienna Philharmonic
Herbert von Karajan, conductor

Boris Godunov (1872 version, ed. David Lloyd-Jones); Act 2, conclusion
Vladimir Vaneev, bass (Boris Godunov)
Yuri Laptev , baritone (Boyar-in-attendance)
Zlata Bulycheva, mezzo soprano (Fydor)
Konstantin Pluzhnikov, tenor (Shuisky)
Kirov Chorus and Orchestra, St Petersburg
Valery Gergiev, conductor.