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IN TOUCH 鈥� Heading Back To Work; "Blindness" At London's Donmar Warehouse

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TX:听 18.08.20听 2040-2100

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PRESENTER:听 听听听听听听听 PETER WHITE

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PRODUCER:听 听听听听听听听听听 MIKE YOUNG

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White

Good evening.听 Home versus workplace 鈥� tonight, some of the current dilemmas facing visually impaired people who want to go on doing their job.听 And an epidemic of blindness in Covent Garden.

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Clip

You can鈥檛 see anything around you, it鈥檚 pitched black, there are sudden loud flashes and loud bangs.听 It鈥檚 just a performance, you鈥檙e in a safe place and actually everything is fine but there were moments in the production where it was genuinely scary.

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White

Don鈥檛 panic, it is only fiction but what effect do such poor trails have on people鈥檚 perceptions of blindness?

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But first, a hot topic at the moment is what鈥檚 going to happen to work and where we do it?听 Has homeworking been such a success that it may become the norm or will people gradually go back to the creative buzz and companionship that working together, with your colleagues, can provide?听

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From the start of this month employers have been encouraged by the government to bring staff back to the workplace if it鈥檚 deemed safe to do so.听 But there are potential challenges for visually impaired people when it comes to things like social distancing and confidently navigating a workplace that may have significantly changed its layout since the last time you were there.听 Well we wanted to start looking, tonight, at how this might affect the admittedly too small number of visually impaired people who have a job, concentrating on what your rights are, whether you stay at home or go back to the office, or, in Hannah Smith鈥檚 case, the shop.听 We heard Hannah last week talking about how lockdown had been for her but she also talked about going back to the British Heart Foundation charity shop, where she鈥檚 worked for the past 10 years and which had been a big part of her life.

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Smith

It felt really strange actually because the last day we shut I worked up until the Saturday and was due to go on holiday.听 I then discovered we weren鈥檛 going on holiday and before we鈥檇 all gone into lockdown I said to my boss 鈥� look, I鈥檝e got nothing really planned next week, so, if you want me to come in for an emergency afternoon then let me know.听 But I then received a phone call on the Tuesday, going 鈥� don鈥檛 worry Han, I鈥檓 locking up anyway, we鈥檝e gone into lockdown, I will let you know when we鈥檙e reopening.听

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White

So, you lost your holiday and you lost your job?

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Smith

Yeah along those lines.

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White

But now you鈥檙e back, because I鈥檓 interested in this 鈥� how, for visually impaired people, going back into the workplace because the worry always is that you鈥檒l have lost some confidence over this鈥�

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Smith

Yeah.

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White

What鈥檚 happened to you?

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Smith

Work have been very good actually.听 We鈥檝e had a new layout of the shop and my manager very kindly walked around the shop with me to show me where everything was.听 Prior to that we all had an online training session to deal with wearing masks, having screens and all of that.听 Some of it was quite visual but there was lots of speaking, so, even if I couldn鈥檛 see the images I could hear.听 And after the training I was able to sit down with my manager and have a conversation, which boosted my confidence in case I missed something on the video clips.

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White

So, now you are feeling 鈥� I mean were you worried about the loss of confidence and how is it working out鈥�

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Smith

Yeah, I think the first day I was a bit nervous because I鈥檇 literally finished in March, two and a half weeks ago I went back鈥�

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White

So, really you鈥檇 lost about four months.

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Smith

Four months 鈥� I, you know, I hadn鈥檛 done anything and I walked back in and I was like 鈥� ooh, okay, we鈥檙e back open but things are slightly different.

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White

So, on the whole good marks really for Hannah鈥檚 employers.听 But what rights do visually impaired people have so that they can make the decision of home versus workplace on equal terms with their sighted colleagues?

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Well, there are a number of places from where you can get advice.听 Maria Shinn is from ACAS, now they aim to give employees and employers free impartial advice on workplace rights, rules and best practice.

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Maria, what should an employer be doing to make sure that someone who鈥檚 blind or has partial sight can actually be confident coming back to work, what are the main things they should do?

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Shinn

Well, the employer needs to do a risk assessment for anyone returning to their workplace, so, they would need to be mindful of particular changes that have happened that may affect a blind person.听 And it could be the things that you talked about, perhaps, where there are new walkways, there are different ways of entering and exiting the building.听 So, those sorts of things need to be discussed with the employee before they return and that communication is really important.

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White

Can you give us some examples of the kind of things that a blind or partially sighted person might have the right to ask for but maybe other people wouldn鈥檛 think about?

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Shinn

They may ask for a colleague to be there to perhaps guide them around to start with, so they can familiarise themselves with the changes within the building.听 So, it鈥檚 about thinking about when are other people going to be working in that workspace and who鈥檚 going to be available to help that blind person once they go back and particularly at the initial stages.

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White

We鈥檝e heard a lot of people complaining in shops about the fact that there are visual signs about where you can stand and so forth.听 I mean things like colour contrast, for example, that surely would be something people might not think about.

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Shinn

No and that can be really important to a blind person that that is thought about.听 There鈥檚 also a requirement for the employee to be really open about what they need from the employer, what needs to be taken into consideration because not all employers will feel confident in considering the needs of a blind person.听 So, that needs to be very much a two-way discussion.

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White

Some people might be a bit worried about, you know, I don鈥檛 want to appear too special but you do have rights to reasonable adjustments, don鈥檛 you?

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Shinn

Absolutely.听 A blind person would be covered by the Equality Act.听 So, if somebody has a disability then they do have the right for reasonable adjustments to be considered by the employer to ensure that they are safe in the workplace and they鈥檙e able to carry out their role effectively.听 And actually, for the visually impaired person, perhaps once they first go back into the workplace, they may identify things themselves that they鈥檙e having difficulty with.听 So, it may be a really good risk assessment is done before they return but actually there are other factors that perhaps hadn鈥檛 been considered or haven鈥檛 been thought about and then they become apparent once they鈥檙e there.

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White

We鈥檝e talked so far about returning to the workplace, but what rights does an employee have who either wants to continue working from home or who鈥檚 being told that at the moment this is their only option?

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Shinn

So, there may be circumstances where somebody feels that they need to continue to work from home, they could be shielding or been living with somebody else who needs to shield and they may have anxieties and fears about that, so, it鈥檚 important to raise those with your employer if that is the case.听 But the right to work from home, it鈥檚 possibly a variation on their contract, so it鈥檚 something that they would have to discuss with their employer about what the long-term plan is and how that鈥檚 managed.

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White

It strikes me that some employers, with the best intentions, might make the assumption that because it means no travelling, no refamiliarisation with the workplace, if you come in, that visually impaired people would prefer to work from home and that might be true for some but for some the companionship, the informal help you get from workmates, that may be sorely missed.

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Shinn

Yes absolutely.听 For some employees, yes they may be very happy to continue to work from home because it may be easier than using public transport and various other things but for very many people it may be that part of their social interaction is going into work, be with different people and it鈥檚 good for their mental wellbeing as well.

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White

So, the message seems to be keep talking on both sides.

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Shinn

Absolutely.

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White

Maria Shinn from ACAS thank you very much indeed.听 And I鈥檇 love to hear people鈥檚 work experiences, whether as a stay at home worker or perhaps someone who鈥檚 ventured back to the workplace 鈥� intouch@bbc.co.uk, is our email address.

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And thanks for all your emails that responded to other programmes that we鈥檝e been doing over the past few weeks.听 When it comes to the challenges of wearing or not wearing a face mask Sight for Surrey and Open Sight Hampshire have both been in touch with us, they鈥檝e designed exemption cards to wear which explain why you might not be masked up.听 And last week the RNIB backed the government鈥檚 official badge that鈥檚 been released to help people social distance, the Please Give Me Space visual indicator can be downloaded or printed from the gov.uk website and there鈥檚 a link to that on our own In Touch site.

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There鈥檚 also reaction to our item on robot guide dogs.听 Christie Ward says: 鈥淚鈥檇 be happy to pay 拢600 or 拢50 a month for this potential brilliant invention if it would enable me to get out more and feel safer.鈥澨� Christie goes on to say: 鈥淪ymbol canes and guide dogs are not for me,鈥� she adds: 鈥淟et鈥檚 be more positive as younger visually impaired and blind people want these essential and needed inventions.鈥澨� Whereas Philip Partridge has emailed from North Devon, he says: 鈥淩obotic guide dogs will never replace the real thing, anyone who鈥檚 ever had one of these wonderful life-changing animals will tell you that technology can never replace the enormous emotional support that they provide to their owners.鈥�

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Now there鈥檚 not been much live theatre to go and see recently but one production that is on right now at London鈥檚 Donmar Warehouse is called 鈥淏lindness鈥� and it鈥檚 all very timely as it tells the story of a mysterious pandemic, though this time the main symptom is people going blind.

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Clip 鈥� Blindness

In the first 24 hours he said there were hundreds of cases of blindness, they were all alike, they all shared the same symptoms, the same whiteness.听 Nobody felt pain.听 On the second day the government announced that the situation would soon be under control.听 They used what they called a curve of resolution to prove that there were clear signs that the epidemic was on the wane.听 They were wrong.

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White

Well, we鈥檝e heard some of that before.听 That was Juliet Stephenson performing in Blindness.听 The performance is described as a socially distanced sound installation.听 It鈥檚 based on a novel by the Portuguese author 鈥� Jos茅 Saramago.听 Twenty years ago, Saramago received the Nobel Prize for Literature for works including Blindness but a subsequent filmed version of Blindness caused something of a stir, especially amongst some blind people for its treatment of the subject.

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Time, we thought, to send our reporter 鈥� Fern Lulham 鈥� along to the Donmar to check out the soundscape version and engage its effect on the audience.

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So, Fern, first of all, the event itself 鈥� how did it feel to be back in the theatre again?

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Lulham

It felt good but as with so much else at the moment I was very aware of it being a tentative step back into normality rather than normality itself.听 I should say that as the name suggests the Donmar Warehouse isn鈥檛 a traditional theatre, so it鈥檚 more of a big open space and when I went into it, it was more like a nightclub 鈥� so very dark with just some different coloured strip lights on the ceiling 鈥� so a very different feel to usually when you go to a theatre.听 Naturally queueing was involved, social distancing and seating involved splitting the audience into small socially distanced groups, so the numbers attending were much lower than they usually would be as well.

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White

So, tell us a bit more about the performance and the plot.听 I mean it was a 400-page novel originally, so keep it short.

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Lulham

Yeah, it鈥檚 quite hard to tell you, to sum it up Peter but I will start by saying that as you mentioned earlier it was a sound installation and that means that the whole story was told through headphones and as you got a little snippet there, the whole design of the sound is made to feel like you鈥檙e right in the middle of the action, so you feel very intimate and very involved.听 There鈥檚 no stage and no actors present, except from obviously the voice of Juliet Stephenson and the sound is supplemented in some places by lighting, so flashing, different colours, a lot of it is done in pitch blackness and that definitely helps to amplify the mood created by an already dramatic story.听 We follow the story of a group of people made blind by the pandemic and the wife of one of that group who mysteriously retains her sight but who pretends to have lost it, so that she can join her husband when in quarantine in an asylum set up by the authorities in response to the pandemic. 听Now order within the asylum breaks down very quickly as basics like hygiene and food, the supplies worsen, and violent attacks start to occur.听 Now I won鈥檛 tell you the end, just in case you want to go and see it, but suffice to say it鈥檚 a very dark story, both physically and figuratively.

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White

And from what you say it鈥檚 not exactly giving one a positive view of blindness, which is presumably why some people objected to it when it was filmed.

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Lulham

Yes, the film came out in 2008 and there was a lot of controversy around it, there were protestors and picketing of some cinemas in America.听 Blind people were saying that the blind people in the story were portrayed as monsters.听 But Saramago did bite back against this, he said that his story depicts a blindness of rationality and went on to say that stupidity doesn鈥檛 choose between the blind and the non-blind.听 So, in other words, this is about humanity rather than targeting blind people.

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White

Right, so it鈥檚 how people might react in that situation.听

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Lulham

Yeah and very extreme.

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White

What about what I鈥檓 sure was a predominantly sighted audience, what did they make of it?

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Lulham

I was interested to talk to the audience because I felt that it really did play on that fear in sighted people that blindness might be the worst thing that could ever happen to you, including death.听 So, I was really intrigued to put this to a sighted audience and to see whether they agreed with my point of view.

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Vox pops

First Voice

I definitely think it plays on those fears of being blind.听 I think that it very much taps into that sense of vulnerability that you have, almost claustrophobic, you don鈥檛 know your surroundings.听 I think it, for me, slightly exacerbated that feeling of fear around losing sight.听

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Second Voice

I think what it really made me realise is how unset up to support and help blind people the world is, so, like the concept of making everybody blind all at the same time, it鈥檚 about the way people behave in that panic that was the scary thing, rather than the blindness itself.听 I think it鈥檚 really brilliant to have something that really forces you to think about that, to make you realise how much would need to change about our world to be able to live in it without sight.

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Lulham

As a fully sighted person how was that being thrust into a world of darkness all of a sudden?

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Third Voice

The importance of sound, I think the encapsulation was the intonation of voice, echo and I was closing my eyes a lot, I don鈥檛 know why I was doing that but I was closing my eyes a lot.听 And then the sudden flashing lights.听 So, it was a great [indistinct word] of being powerless and not being able to fight your way and feeling unsafe.

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Fourth Voice

You can鈥檛 see anything around you, it鈥檚 pitch black, there are sudden loud flashes and loud bangs.听 There were times when I would have to remind yourself 鈥� it鈥檚 just a performance, you鈥檙e in a safe space and actually everything is fine.听 But there were moments in the production where it was genuinely scary.

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Lulham

Do you think if the pandemic, instead of the potential 鈥� it being that you might die, if it was instead that you would lose your sight, do you think that might change people鈥檚 attitudes to it and how people respond, do you think maybe they鈥檇 take it more seriously or less seriously, how do you think it would impact them?

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Fourth Voice

I think people would be more scared of the virus, definitely.听 I think people would take it a lot more seriously.听 I dunno, there鈥檚 something about suddenly losing your sight that people are very 鈥� would be very scared of.

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Fifth Voice

Blindness would be completely indiscriminate, like everybody would be taking that as seriously as the next person, I don鈥檛 think anyone would kind of be cavalier about it, whereas at the moment there鈥檚 certainly a sense that some people can take Covid-19 more seriously than other people because they think that probably they鈥檙e not going to be affected by it.

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Lulham

I think a couple of things really struck me about those comments.听 So, the first was that it really does seem to confirm the terror that sighted people feel about being blind, particularly following this production.听 And the other one is that what came out of it was clearly an appreciation for just how inaccessible the world can be to blind people. 听What did you think of those comments Peter?

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White

They didn鈥檛 surprise me, those comments but would you have gone if we hadn鈥檛 made you?

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Lulham

I 鈥� do you know, I think I would actually, it was very interesting to me, very fascinating to see both sides of it.听 And, like I say, I can definitely see why people were offended but at the same time it is set in a very different world 鈥� it鈥檚 just pandemonium, everyone is losing their sight all at once, all at the same time.听 So, it鈥檚 a very extreme scenario.听 Double tickets cost 拢45, single tickets cost 拢22.50; circle tickets cost 拢17.50 and if you can鈥檛 make it the audio of the show is available, a digital captioned download, but it is at a cost of 拢12.00.

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White

Fern Lulham, thank you very much indeed.

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And that鈥檚 it for tonight.听 Do let us have your comments on anything that struck you in the programme.听 If you鈥檝e read the book of Blindness you might like to tell us about that.听 You can email intouch@bbc.co.uk or go to our website bbc.co.uk/intouch from where you can download tonight鈥檚 and previous editions of the programme.

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From me, Peter White, producer Mike Young and today鈥檚 studio managers Celia Hutchinson and Chris Hardnam, goodbye.