大象传媒

It was in Barrow that the engineering genius Barnes Wallis, famous for developing the bouncing bomb in World War Two, developed cutting edge technology in a race to design airships to match the German Zeppelins.

After the disaster of rigid airship R1 before World War One - which was aptly named the 'Mayfly' - when it broke its back on its maiden voyage, government enthusiasm for airships cooled. But with the Zeppelin bombing raids terrorising the UK population and threatening industry, in 1912 it was decided Britain needed its own fleet of airships.

Wallis flourished in the new Vickers design department, and he employed the lessons learned from before the war, and those gleaned from crashed Zeppelins, to build airships that surpassed them.

On Walney Island, close to Barrow, a giant airship shed and a hydrogen gas plant was built to house the huge structures.

In quick succession the H.M.A. R.9 and R.23 left the drawing board, but his design masterpiece was the supremely elegant R. 80, whose construction required over 600 drawings, 1.6 million individual parts, 20 miles of special duralumin girders and 53 miles of wire.

Towards the end of the war the stress of non-stop work put the young Wallis in a nursing home in London for a couple of months to recover. But the Armistice brought an end to airship construction at Barrow as fixed wing aircraft had proven themselves to be the future of powered flight.

Following the war, the giant hangar built on Walney to house the airships was demolished after attempts to use it as a film studio came to nothing.

Location: Walney Island, Barrow-in-Furness LA14 3YQ
Image of a Barrow airship
Photograph courtesy of Nigel Cayley

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