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LAST WORD
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Last Word
Listen to the latest editionFriday听听听16:00-16:30
Sunday听20:30-21:00听(rpt)

Radio 4's weekly obituaries programme
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We welcome your听comments听and suggestions contact us
This week
Friday听25th听April 2008
(Rpt) Sunday听27th April
Matthew Bannister
Matthew Bannister听tells the life stories of people who have died recently:听Edward Lorenz, Hazel Court, Nikolai Baibakov, Aime Cesaire and Sam Toy.
Professor Edward Lorenz
Meteorologist and mathematician who has died aged 90

Edward Lorenz was the father of modern chaos theory. He was a Professor at the Massachussetts Institute of Technology 鈥 M.I.T. and was born in Connecticut and educated at Dartmouth College and Harvard University.

As a child Ed Lorenz was fascinated by the weather and natural phenomena 鈥 an interest which he retained throughout his life. He听first published his work on chaos in the early 1960s, but it was a talk he gave in 1972 that brought him to wider attention. Its title was Predictability: Does The Flap of a butterfly鈥檚 wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?

Matthew Bannister talks to听two eminent Professors, Lord Robert May of Oxford University and Sir Michael Berry of the University of Bristol.

Professor Edward Lorenz was born May 23rd 1917. He died April 16th 2008.
Hazel Court
Actress who has died aged 82

Hazel Court was born in Sutton Coldfield in the West Midlands and studied drama at the London Academy of Dramatic Art and to many horror movie fans, she was one of the top 鈥渟cream queens鈥 鈥 actresses known for their ability to react with terror when the monster or the madman appeared.She was best known for her starring roles in a number of successful Hammer horror films including The Curse of Frankenstein听 and Masque of the Red Death,.

Matthew Bannister talks to the film historian Ian Christie.

Hazel Court was born February 10th 1926. She died April 15th 2008.
Nikolai Baibakov
Former Soviet minister who has died aged 97听

In 1942, as the Nazis advanced on the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin realised that the oilfields of Baku were vital to military success. He called in his twenty-nine year old deputy oil minister, Nikolai Baibakov. Stalin told Baibakov, 鈥淚f Hitler captures a single drop of oil, you鈥檒l be shot. But if you destroy the wells unnecessarily and we鈥檙e left without oil, you鈥檒l also be shot.鈥 Baibakov replied 鈥淐omrade Stalin, what am I supposed to do?鈥 Stalin pointed at his head and said: 鈥淯se your brains, you鈥檙e a young man. Fly down there and decide what鈥檚 best鈥.

Nikolai Baibakov鈥檚 other great wartime achievement was building a pipeline under the ice to deliver oil to the besieged city of Leningrad. For the twenty years from 1965, he was in charge of the Soviet Union鈥檚 vast central planning organisation Gosplan. He presided over a system in which the copious and detailed reports produced at the centre were increasingly out of touch with reality and the economy was stagnating.听However, he will best be remembered for his success as architect of the country鈥檚 oil and gas industry.

Matthew Bannister talks to Professor Paul Gregory of the Hoover Institution at the University of Stamford and to Professor Michael Economides author of The Colour of Oil .

Nikolai Baibakov was born March 6th 1911. He died March 3st, 2008.
Aime Cesaire
Poet and politician who has died aged 94

Aime Cesaire was a man of contradictions. The poet and essayist from Martinique created the negritude movement which celebrated black culture and angrily denounced colonialism. But as a politician representing Martinique in the National Assembly in Paris, he was a leading advocate of departmentalisation 鈥 the policy that made four former colonies fully fledged departments of France.

On news of his death, the French President Nicholas Sarkozy described Cesaire as a 鈥済reat poet鈥 and a 鈥済reat humanist鈥. He led thousands of mourners at Cesaire鈥檚 state funeral last weekend.

Cesaire鈥檚 most powerful work was the Cahier D鈥橴n Retour Au PaysNatal听 first published in 1939 and translated into English as 鈥淩eturn to my Native Land鈥.

Matthew Bannister talks to the actor Cy Grant, author of Blackness and the Dreaming Soul , who was strongly influenced by Cesaire鈥檚 鈥淐ahier鈥. He turned it into a one man show which he performed at the National Theatre, the Royal Court Upstairs and on tour.

Aime Cesaire was born on June 26th 1913. He died April 17th 2008.
Sam Toy
Chairman and managing director of Ford UK 1980-86 who has died aged 84

Sam Toy was chairman and managing director of the Ford motor company in the UK at one of its most successful periods. Between 1980 and 1986, against the backdrop of high inflation, industrial turbulence and government subsidies to British Leyland, Toy introduced new models and built sales at Ford.

He听was born in Cornwall, one of seven children of a builder. He was educated at Falmouth Grammar School and Selwyn College Cambridge before serving in the RAF during the war. Having completed his studies, Sam Toy joined Ford as a graduate trainee and rose through the ranks.

Matthew Bannister talks to the 大象传媒鈥檚 Nick Jones who was Industrial Correspondent when Toy became Chairman and to the Managing Director of Ford, David Galway, who听was a close friend and colleague.听听

Sam Toy OBE was born August 21st 1923. He died March 24th 2008.

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