Cheesy V.O: Mum sent you to tidy your room?Want to get all this mess sorted out?You need ALGEBRA!
ALGEBRA tidies up any mess!
ALGEBRA helps you find what you need! It also helps solve the World鈥檚 Problems and unravel the mysteries of existence!
ALGEBRA: one of the main ingredients of SCIENCE!
ALGEBRA! From now on, Maths will never taste the same! Delicious!
V.O: Let鈥檚 kick some Maths!!
Narrator: Algebra isn鈥檛 really an edible powder that can tidy your room. But it is a kind of Maths that really does tidy up complicated problems and helps you find answers that are difficult to find. Algebra comes from Arabic language meaning 鈥榓 reunion of broken parts鈥, and you鈥檒l find out shortly how good it is at joining things together鈥
Ooh. A lamp. I wonder what鈥檚 in there?
Oh. This is very strange. Seeing something that鈥檚 not a number, surrounded by numbers. But don鈥檛 panic. This isn鈥檛 a mistake. It鈥檚 a whole new kind of Maths called Algebra! Let鈥檚 ~
Algebeard: Dance the Maths Shanty with Algebeard, the Maths Pirate! And we鈥檒l all know Maths in the Mornin鈥!
Narrator: We can work out what鈥檚 in the lamp probably just by looking. After all, six, plus something, equals 10. What you鈥檙e looking at is an equation, which just means that something equals something else!
Algebeard: Like eating crisps in bed equals CRUMBS on your BUM! HAR HAR HAR HAR
Narrator: Well, I suppose that鈥檚 an equation of sorts. Back to this equation. What do we need to add to six to make ten? 4! But here鈥檚 a way to do it, that it鈥檒l be useful when the problem is a bit more complicated. Think of the equals as the middle of a see-saw.
What鈥檚 on either side of the equal sign is in balance. So, we can write out the same problem in a different way but it鈥檒l mean the same thing. See? Something equals 10 minus 6. And also note what happens to the plus when it travels from one side of the equals to the other: it becomes the opposite operation, or as we say in Maths, the inverse operation: addition to subtraction. And then 10 minus 6 is 4.
Algebeard: What鈥檚 it for?!?
Narrator: No. Four. Not For.
Algebeard: OH! The Number 4! You see being ALGEBEARD the Algebra Pirate, I don鈥檛 always do Numbers! I be doing all sorts of things! I鈥檓 very flexible see!
Narrator: Okay. Fine. It鈥檚 the number 4. Just, try not to interrupt again.
Algebeard: Got you matey!
Narrator: In Algebra, instead of drawing a lamp to signify an unknown, we use a letter, so let鈥檚 use X. But notice it鈥檚 a squidgy kind of X, so we don鈥檛 mistake it for a multiplication sign. Get into the habit of drawing your algebraic X鈥檚 not like other X鈥檚. Anyway, look at this: 6 multiplied by X equals 24. Is there another way we can write out this problem? Remembering the whole equals-sign-balance inverse thing? Yes! If X times 6 equals 24, then 24 divided by 6 must equal X. And the answer to that? X is 4!
I鈥檓 very impressed that you鈥檙e now working with letters as well as numbers doing equations. So, let鈥檚 see how good you are working with two different letters in the same maths problem!
Algebeard: I always be working with these two letters! AAAAAARRRRRRRR !
Narrator: sigh Okay. Let鈥檚 simplify this expression. Here is 8x plus 3y minus 5x plus 2y. Confused? Well, 8x just means 8 times x and 3y just means 3 times y. And so on. And when working through this problem remember that we combine like terms 鈥 or work with the same things. So, what looks alike? Well, we鈥檝e got two Xs: 8X and minus 5X, so we put them together and two Ys 鈥 plus 3Y and plus 2Y. And once the similar terms are together, we work through them, so we get 3X plus 5Y. But we can鈥檛 add x and y together, because they鈥檙e not the same! So, 3X plus 5y is our answer.
Narrator: That鈥檚 the beauty of Algebra.
Algebeard: Why Thankee Sir, I do my best!
Narrator: Even though problems can look quite odd, with numbers and letters all mixed together, try to remember; that an equation is a kind of maths seesaw, with operations becoming their inverse on the opposite side; and when working with more than one letter, combine like terms. If you remember those rules, you鈥檒l do well! And once you learn the basics, who knows where Algebra will take you?
Algebeard: Oh I knew a lass with a squidgy X and I must confess that I made a mess of failin' in identifying what I thought was multiplyin' and I've never been fined for a lack of tryin'. The squidgy X that I loves the best!!! Har har har har har
Algebeard: We be pirates !!!
Video summary
In this clip the basic principles of algebra are explained and explored.
We see an equation of the kind that students will be expected to solve, where an icon stands for an unknown.
We replace the icon with 鈥渪鈥 and demonstrate solving simple equations by using inverse operations.
We also see examples of simplifying an expression by collecting like terms.
This clip is from the series Kick Sum Maths.
Teacher Notes
Aside from introducing Algebra, this clip contains literacy elements such as the etymology of the word 鈥渁lgebra鈥, 鈥渓ike terms鈥, 鈥渋nverse鈥, and 鈥渄rawing a squidgy x鈥.
Students could explore the etymology of other mathematical words and phrases and also compare and contrast the mathematical meanings of some words to their everyday usage.
These clips could be used for teaching Maths at KS2 or at a beginner level in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 1st and 2nd Level in Scotland.
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