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Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869 in India, but his work as a lawyer led him to South Africa. He worked here to secure the rights of Indians living under British rule. Returning to India, he became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement where he actively led the campaign for India's independence, gained in 1947.

With the partition of India and Pakistan, rioting between Hindus and Muslims broke out. Being a staunch advocate for a united India, Gandhi began a fast to shame rioting mobs into order. Five days later the opposing leaders pledged to stop the fighting and Gandhi broke his fast. However not long after, Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu extremist who was opposed to his willingness to engage in dialogue with people of all religions.

This is a fine example of one quotation standing on the shoulders of another - a proverb, in this case. 'An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth' is a traditional expression of revenge thinking that dates back to biblical times. And just as some quotations take a literal statement and turn it into a metaphor, here we have a metaphotrical statement which is turned into something literal. It is clever rhetoric, and the identity of the author gives it added point.

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