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Threats to coastal communities often include natural weather extremes, coastal erosion and sea level rise due to climate change. Vulnerability is the potential of somewhere or someone to be harmed by these threats.

Social development refers to the way society is changing. Geographers always want to know if people’s lives are changing, in what way they're changing and if the change is for the better. Development is a continuum scale which is dynamic and forever changing. Countries and people can be at different stages of the development continuum.

Consumerism has been and still is a vital component in the world’s economies. There are many ways in which British consumers cause issues within our environment. Transporting goods, buying products online and going on holiday create some of our biggest environmental challenges. This can impact on ecosystems throughout our world.

Maps represent the real world. Atlas maps show large areas and Ordnance Survey maps show smaller areas in more detail. Sketch maps, satellite images, photos, GIS maps and geology maps are all useful.