Combustion of alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one C=C and with the general formula CnH2n combust, but they are less likely than Saturated hydrocarbon. A compound of hydrogen and carbon only, with no C=C bonds. to combust completely.
Complete combustion of alkenes produces carbon dioxide and water, provided there is a plentiful supply of oxygen.
Incomplete combustion of alkenes occurs where oxygen is limited and produces water, carbon monoxide and carbon (soot). This causes a smoky flame.
Functional group
Alkenes have a functional group C=C 鈥 the part of the molecule that takes part in reactions. Alkanes, in contrast, do not have a functional group and are less reactive as a result.
Addition reactions of alkenes
Addition reactions occur when one molecule combines with another, forming one large molecule and no other products. The C=C functional group allows alkenes to undergo these reactions.
Example
Ethene reacts with bromine to form 1,2-dibromoethane:
CH2=CH2 + Br2 鈫 CH2BrCH2Br
Alkanes cannot take part in addition reactions.
Example
Propene, CH3CH=CH2, reacts with bromine, Br2. Write the formula of the product formed.
CH3CHBrCH2Br