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Beginnings of a new age

  • Around 2500BC settlers from mainland Europe brought new skills to Britain.
  • They were metalworkers who knew how to work with copper.
  • Gradually, Britons learned to make objects from copper, gold and bronze.
A girl and man making a bronze sword.
  • By 2100BC, Britons were mining metals.
  • Trading ships travelled to mainland Europe carrying copper, tin and precious objects made by metalworkers.
  • Some settlers who arrived belonged to the Beaker culture.
  • Beaker people lived in clans led by powerful chiefs. They held religious ceremonies at stone circles, and buried their dead in circular graves. These customs became part of life in Ancient Britain.

Watch: Making a Bronze Age sword

Find out how Bronze Age metalworkers made swords.

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What objects did Bronze Age people make?

Image gallerySkip image gallerySlide 1 of 3, A gold cape found in Mold, North Wales, This golden cape was found in a grave at Mold in North Wales. It is decorated with an intricate pattern. The cape is the work of a very skilled goldsmith and must have been worn by a very important person 鈥 probably a woman.
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How did people travel in the Bronze Age?

A group of travellers rowing in a boat
Image caption,
Bronze Age people crossed the sea in long wooden boats

During the Bronze Age, many people crossed the sea from mainland Europe to Britain.

  • They travelled in long wooden boats rowed by oarsmen.
  • The boats carried people, animals and trading goods.
  • They were loaded with metal from mines, precious swords, pots and jewellery.
  • Boats were very useful for carrying heavy materials like stone.
  • Large areas of land were covered by forest, so it was much easier to transport goods by river.
  • A boat found at Dover needed 18 people to paddle it!

Learning to tame wild animals

  • By the start of the Bronze Age, people in Britain had learned to tame horses.
  • Then, around 1000BC, they learned to make carts with wheels.
  • Some farmers travelled on horseback or used wooden carts, pulled by horses or oxen.
  • The first war chariots appeared at the end of the Bronze Age. Warriors rode into battle standing on chariots pulled by horses.
A group of travellers rowing in a boat
Image caption,
Bronze Age people crossed the sea in long wooden boats
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What do we know about the Amesbury Archer?

In 2002, archaeologists at Amesbury, in Wiltshire made an amazing find. They discovered the grave of a Bronze Age man, just two miles from Stonehenge.

He was buried with around 100 objects! The people who buried him must have believed that he would use the objects in the next world.

When the man was found, he was nicknamed 'the Amesbury Archer'. This was because he was buried with arrowheads and wrist-guards used by archers.

In fact, the Amesbury Archer probably spent most of his time working with metal. One of the objects in his grave was a cushion stone - a tool used by metalworkers.

Tests on the Archer鈥檚 skeleton show that he lived around 2300BC, grew up in the mountains of mainland Europe then travelled to England as an adult.

The Amesbury Archer standing near Stonehenge with his arrow and bow drawn ready to use
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Activities

Activity 1: The Amesbury Archer

What can you learn about the Amesbury Archer from his grave?

Main image 漏 The Salisbury Museum. Additional images 漏 Wessex Archaeology

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Activity 2: Bronze Age quiz

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Play fun and educational primary games in science, maths, English, history, geography, art, computing and modern languages.

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