大象传媒

Key points

  • Portia is one of the main characters in The Merchant of Venice, a play by William Shakespeare.

  • Her father鈥檚 states that she must marry the man who selects the correct casket out of a choice of three.

  • Portia saves Antonio by disguising herself as a lawyer and defending him in court.

Video - Casting Portia

Watch the video below to see how a director might cast the role of Portia.

Did you know?

In Shakespeare鈥檚 time, it was common for parents to choose who their children married. Portia is happy that Bassanio chooses the correct casket and they can marry, because she already knows him and likes him.

Images of a quill and ink pot, purple question mark and William Shakespeare above an open book.
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Plot summary

The infographic is a plot summary timeline consisting of nine images connected by a series of gold coins that show the events of The Merchant of Venice. In the first image Bassanio has his arm on Antonio鈥檚 shoulder, but Antonio is shrugging with his hands aloft and a disappointed expression on his face. In the second image Portia and Nerissa are sat down drinking coffee and chatting to each other. In the third image Antonio鈥檚 hand is shown signing a scroll of paper that is next to a sack of money. In the fourth image the silhouetted figure of the Prince of Morocco walks away sadly from three chests, one of which is open and empty. In the fifth image Jessica, who is wearing men鈥檚 clothes and a fake moustache, is running away with a large chest of jewels in her arms. In the sixth image Bassanio is knelt down on one knee in front of Portia offering her an engagement ring. Portia looks happy. In the seventh image Shylock is standing threateningly in front of Antonio with the contract in his hand. Antonio is sat tied to a chair with his shirt undone. In the eighth image Portia puts her hand up in a stop motion with the contract in her other hand. She is dressed in lawyers robes and is wearing a fake moustache. In the final image Portia and Bassanio stand in front of each other with happy expressions on their faces. Portia is holding the lawyer鈥檚 robes in her hands.
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Portia鈥檚 key moments

Click through the slideshow to see Portia鈥檚 key moments

Image gallerySkip image gallerySlide 1 of 5, On the left hand side of the infographic, Portia and her friend Nerissa sit in a cafe with cups of coffee, chatting to each other. On the right hand side of the infographic, the silhouetted figures of a queue of men stand behind three chests., Portia and Nerissa discuss Portia鈥檚 marriage prospects. Her father鈥檚 will states that she must marry the man who chooses the correct casket out of a choice of three. Portia and Nerissa discuss how nice Bassanio is.
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Character traits

Portia stands against a Venetian backdrop with her foot resting on a wooden chest. She has a scroll of paper in one hand and a false moustache in the other. She is wearing a dark green dress and has curly blonde hair. Labels describe her as witty, intelligent and ruthless.

Intelligent
Portia鈥檚 idea to dress up as a lawyer to rescue Antonio saves his life. Her arguments in court are very convincing and well-thought-out.

Ruthless
When Shylock eventually asks for money instead of the pound of flesh, Portia refuses and says that he must give up everything he owns.

Witty
When the audience first meet Portia she is joking about the potential suitors that she has met so far who have failed to guess the correct casket. The way she jokes and plays on words is clever and funny.

How does Portia鈥檚 language show her intelligence?

Portia, who is wearing a black and gold gown, looks up and raises her hand as if she is making a speech
Image caption,
Rachel Pickup as Portia in a 2015 production of the play

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Relationships

Portia is in the middle of the infographic in a white square. Nerissa, Bassanio and Antonio are in green squares connected to her with green lines to show that they are her friends.

Portia is very good friends with her lady-in-waiting, Nerissa. The two speak about everything and Portia often listens to Nerissa鈥檚 advice.

Portia and Bassanio have met once before the play begins and Portia tells Nerissa how much she likes Bassanio. Bassanio likes Portia so much that he lets Antonio take out the loan with Shylock so that he can afford to visit her in Belmont. Portia is overjoyed when Bassanio is the first suitor to choose the correct casket and can ask her to marry him.

Portia, who has a lawyer's wig on and is dressed in black robes, talks to Shylock, who has an angry expression on his face.
Image caption,
Prunella Scales as Portia and Timothy West as Shylock in a 1981 production of the play

Portia wants to save Antonio because he is Bassanio鈥檚 friend and she loves Bassanio. This is one of the reasons she is so brutal in her punishment of Shylock for trying to kill Antonio. It is also suggested that Portia may treat Shylock so ruthlessly because she is .

Portia, who has a lawyer's wig on and is dressed in black robes, talks to Shylock, who has an angry expression on his face.
Image caption,
Prunella Scales as Portia and Timothy West as Shylock in a 1981 production of the play

Listen to a scene

Listen to the audio clip below, which is taken from Act 4, scene 1, and then answer the questions below.

1. What does Portia compare mercy to?

2. What does Portia mean when she describes mercy as 鈥渢wice blest鈥?

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Changes in character

On the left hand side of the infographic, Portia is in disguise in black lawyers robes and a black hat with a false moustache placed over her face. In the middle of the infographic Portia's hand is grasping a rolled scroll of paper. On the right hand side of the infographic, Portia's hand is dropping a ring into Bassanio's hand.

When the audience first meet Portia, she feels helpless in her own life but she has a good friend in Nerissa who gives her advice. She appears willing to her suitors but is secretly determined to marry someone she loves.

Portia becomes more confident as the play progresses. For example, she advises Bassanio to take his time when choosing a casket in an attempt to take control of her own situation.

Towards the end of the play it is Portia, not Bassanio, who takes it into her own hands to save Antonio from his fate and to punish Shylock for his actions. Bassanio and Antonio do not recognise Portia when she is in disguise, and are shocked when she reveals herself.

Video - How would you stage Portia鈥檚 reveal?

Watch the video below to see how a director might stage the scene in which Portia reveals herself to have been Balthazar.

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Activity - Order it

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What do these key quotations mean?

鈥ll the world desires her;
From the four corners of the earth they come,
To kiss this shrine, this mortal-breathing saint.

The Prince of Morocco
Act 2, scene 7

One half of me is yours, the other half yours.

Portia
Act 3, scene 2

This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood.

Portia
Act 4, scene 1

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