Systemic acquired resistance
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I can only just bear to tear myself away from Hepp Solzer's book on . It's such a funny mixture of a book - a revelation, a memoir, another way of life, a new way of life. It's one of those exciting reads where lots of ideas and observations that I often wondered about, but never found a reference for, all suddenly explode onto the page.
There's a lot about , which is a very old German/Austrian way of making raised beds using logs and other large bits of material. These are buried into the soil and more bulky material is added in, then turf or sods laid on top and finally topsoil on that. The bulky logs and material slowly rots down creating a moisture and food trap that the roots of your vegetables, fruit trees and bushes can tap into whenever they need.
These raised beds are tall, up to 1.5metre high with steep slopes, angled against the wind so that the far side is a microclimate. In between the beds you can compost add more food to the system. For the last 40 years Holzer has farmed this way in the harsh conditions of alpine Austria. His raised beds run for metres across his large farm. These beds are said to have a remarkable effect on very poor compacted soils. Turning areas previously thought it impossible to grow food on into rich habitats. It's certainly one way to get rid of all that bulky material that won't go in a green bin.
It's a topsy-turvy world where the rules are merely guidelines, where traditions are both respected, observed and then if necessary completely disregarded. It is not for everyone, but within it is more answers to our soil problems than most others can contribute.
After reading the chapter on these raised beds I went into a minor frenzy of digging in the chicken pen. For sometime now I have a series of root balls, branches and other material too thick to go onto the compost or green bin. I buried these as deep as I could get them, added a layer of chicken bedding; straw and grass clippings and then topsoil. I have to confess it looks much like a grave - a human sized one. God knows what the neighbours will think?
Eventually I'll need to make a fence to keep the chicken off, but for now they are having fun hill climbing. It gives them a new perspective at least. I'm going to try growing some potatoes, Jerusalem artichokes and green manures to stabilize the soil. Eventually I'll add some fruit bushes.
Another good read is Eliot Coleman's article in the , which begins to unravel some of the issues empirical science has with organic farming. Coleman is America's answer to and is well worth dipping into.
I'm particularly interested in the idea of 'systemic acquired resistance', in other words healthy soil. It 's interesting to see science catch up with long held observation that if your soil health is in good order, you have lots of organic matter for the worms and other beasties to make use of, your plants will do better. What is hugely important in all these system, be it hugelkultur or compost-making, is that no-one is trying to eliminate pests. The answer is not to try and rid yourself of your problem but increase the overall health of system from ground up. Nature rarely has a pest problem and neither should you. In short make like nature might.
On an entirely different note some of us over on are having a courgette challenge to see who can get the first courgette. You can do everything and anything to will the plant on but you can't grow it under any protection. No cloches, no polytunnels or greenhouse. Straw bales, windbreaks, special spells, homemade feeds yes, but protection, no. I've only just sown my courgettes and they are yet to come up, but I still think I've got a chance against all those who sowed a month ago. Join in. There's no prize other than saying eating courgettes earlier than the rest of us. Oh, that and the glory.
Alys Fowler is a writer and broadcaster.
Comment number 1.
At 4th May 2011, physalis wrote:I've always thought healthy soil is key to healthy plants many of my friends over the years have said, you have such beautiful healthy plants, how do you do it? I have always answered feed your soil with organic matter, horse manure, cow, chicken, garden compost and anything you can get your hands on! I await with interest the courgette race.
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Comment number 2.
At 4th May 2011, greensusie51 wrote:Hi
I bought your/Alys Flowlers book 'the Edible gardener' hoping to find the recipe for elderflower champagne and the wild beer made in the bbc series last year. But its not in here. Can you/she tell us where it is, or better still what it is please, as the elderflower will be out next week!
thanks
Susan
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Comment number 3.
At 4th May 2011, lowart wrote:The recipe used by Alys for nettle beer is this one.
10lb young nettles (the top six leaves or so, roughly 10 carrier bags full)
40 pints water
10 lemons, (juice them and then cut off the rind)
5lb demerara sugar
1lb white sugar
5oz cream of tartar
1.5 oz yeast
I'll have a look for the elderflower one.
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Comment number 4.
At 4th May 2011, lowart wrote:Here's the elderflower one used on the show.
•50 elderflower heads
•6 lb bags of caster sugar
•11 tablespoons of white wine vinegar
•50 pints of cold water
•11 large lemons zested & juced
Tip! Dip the flower heads in boiling water to kill the yeast (as you never know which yeast it is and some are not nice) and add a packet of brewers yeast (preferably champagne yeast but otherwise any wine yeast will do). Best stored in plastic bottles as it's a bit lively!
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Comment number 5.
At 20th May 2011, ConundrumK wrote:What a wonderful post. Interestingly, this approach to plant pests and diseases is pretty much the same as the approach to human health that I've been learning from the American herbalist Susun Weed. She teaches that, rather than trying to attack a germ with a caustic herb, you nourish the body itself and give it the resources it needs to fight off the germ or disorder.
I'd never thought of my body as soil before, but it is remarkably similar. We are each our own ecosystem made up of lots of beneficial organisms that help us survive. We can add to them with fermented foods (compost - hee) and very strong infusions of nettle, comfrey, etc (just as you do for the plants) and help boost the strength of the system. It's not a perfect metaphor, but it is certainly pleasing me to think of my body as an allotment!
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