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Happy 蟺 Day

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William Crawley | 21:31 UK time, Sunday, 14 March 2010

26518_368878622828_755232828_3513261_1821624_n.jpgWe have 3.14 reasons to celebrate today. In addition to honouring the dedication of our mothers, we can also give thanks for one of the most magical mathematical constants in the universe. Pi, as every schoolboy knows, represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. The Greek letter 蟺 was first used as the symbol for that constant in 1707 by the Welsh mathematician , as shorthand for "perimeter" (Greek, 蟺蔚蟻委渭蔚蟿蟻慰蟼). Hats off for Mr Jones today, the Father of the Pi symbol. Maths lovers around the world are commemorating that symbolic innovation today -- the 14th day of the 3rd month of the year.

If you want to remember the Pi number sequence, you might try this mnemonic: "How I want a drink, alcoholic of course, after the heavy lectures involving quantum mechanics. All of thy geometry, Herr Planck, is fairly hard . . . ", where each digit is the number of the letters in each successive word, thus: 3.14159265358979323846264 . . .

Pi is a , which is not as religious as it sounds. That said, I can't resist bringing a bit of biblical history into this mathematical red letter day.

Here's a verse from the Bible that's rarely preached on: "And he made a molten sea, ten cubits from the one brim to the other: it was round all about, and his height was five cubits: and a line of thirty cubits did compass it about." (I Kings 7: 23) Biblical eggheads will recognize this as part of the list of construction specifications for the Temple of Solomon (c. 950 BCE). What's interesting is that this specification, which is repeated in II Chronicles 4: 2, gives 蟺 = 3, which is pretty close to our modern calculation. Even in the ancient world, they had a sense that Pi was a constant in the vicinity of 3. In fact, the (c. 1650 BCE), Pi works out at 3.16. The , the epic Indian ritual text, gets extremely close at 3.139. It is, of course, the Greek mathematician who rightly gets the credit for being first to "correctly" calculate Pi. He approximated Pi to 3.14, a value still in wide use today.

What might you do to celebrate Pi Day? You might read by Yann Martel (though there's more religion than mathematics in there). You could , Darren Aronofsky's thriller about a number theorist. Or, if you are more pressed for time, could could listen to (which, unfortunately, is a little longer than 3 minutes 14 seconds).

The more theologically-inclined Will & Testament readers will already be pondering the philosophical implications of mathematical constants. Do these constants point to a transcendent intelligence in the universe? Was this infinitely rich and non-repeating pattern "placed" there for us to discover? Or is that idea just Pi in the Sky?

Comments

  • Comment number 1.

    I thought this stupidity was just in the United States. A transcendental number is merely one which cannot be expressed as the ratio of two whole numbers. Therefore it has an infinite number of digits. You can click on a web site which will give you the first million of them. The greater the number of digits, the closer you get to the actual value.

    I think it was the state of Indiana which once passed a law that the value of pi would be three. The universe refused to comply.

    So when does "e" another transcendental number which is the base of natural logarithms get its own holiday or do we now have transcendental number discrimination? If you think pi is important, you don't know anything about "e." Sounds like a good enough cause for a war to me....or at the very least a bar rooom brawl....especially in NI :-)

  • Comment number 2.

    Marcus: The words "tongue" and "cheek" come to mind. Chill. Smile. Breathe. :)

  • Comment number 3.


    I might invoke Carl Sagan, whose Contact imagines that Pi is a message written by the entities who occupied (and designed?) this universe before heading on 'somewhere else'; we simply need to calculate it out to a sufficient decimal place to see the message:

    "Hiding in the alternating patterns of digits, deep inside the transcendental number, was a perfect circle, its form traced out by unities in a field of noughts.

    "The universe was made on purpose, the circle said. In whatever galaxy you happen to find yourself, you take the circumference of a circle, divide it by its diameter, measure closely enough, and uncover a miracle -- another circle, drawn kilometers downstream of the decimal point. There would be richer messages farther in. It doesn't matter what you look like, or what you're made of, or where you come from. As long as you live in this universe, and have a modest talent for mathematics, sooner or later you'll find it. It's already here. It's inside everything. You don't have to leave your planet to find it. In the fabric of space and in the nature of matter, as in a great work of art, there is, written small, the artist's signature. Standing over humans, gods, and demons, subsuming Caretakers and Tunnel builders, there is an intelligence that antedates the universe.

    "The circle had closed.

    "She found what she had been searching for."

  • Comment number 4.

    "As long as you live in this universe, and have a modest talent for mathematics, sooner or later you'll find it. It's already here. It's inside everything."

    A circle is a purely mathematical abstraction. As far as we can tell, no such thing exists in nature.

  • Comment number 5.

    This comment was removed because the moderators found it broke the house rules. Explain.

  • Comment number 6.

    Interesting philosophical issue. Can god change Pi? No? Then there is no god. :-)

  • Comment number 7.

    How did I spend Pi day? I tried to work something out, but found myself going around in circles the whole time.

  • Comment number 8.

    Me no understand - so Pi is 14.3 now?

  • Comment number 9.

    Ah Helio, that is the power of American culture again. Where Britons tend to speak of 14 March, they speak of March 14.

  • Comment number 10.

    We commercialise everything, don't we? Now we'll even sell pi!

  • Comment number 11.

    Oh noes - does that mean that 9/11 was actually on the 11/9?

    This is a particular issue with a lot of medical software that has been written Stateside, and then needs fixed to make it comply with international standards. Personally for dates I prefer the reverse hierarchical structure YYYY-MM-DD, but in the absence of that the international DD-MM-YYYY is workable. The American MM-DD-YYYY is utterly illogical, captain.

  • Comment number 12.

    Re #5;

    No sense of humor at all Mr. Crawley, none whatsoever, not even a trace. Small wonder you're always at each others throats over there.

  • Comment number 13.

    The one plus with the American usage is that it's much shorter in speaking as you can say "it's March 15th, 2010" where we have to say "it's the 15th of March, 2010". All those extra words, the time wasted.

  • Comment number 14.

    Incidentally, I think a far better Pi day would be the 22nd of July. Anyone agree?

  • Comment number 15.



    JW

    that sounds perilously close to you offering a scientific proof for the existence of God.

    :)

    OT

  • Comment number 16.


    Haha OT! Well, were the pattern found, we would have to conclude that a designer put it there. But maybe a better question is this: even without such a pattern, does the very existence of Pi and the order of the universe make a designer more likely than not? I happen to think the answer is, "not necessarily." But it depends on the day.

    (By the way, given that Pi is infinite, we should expect to see - eventually - any message we want to. Here's my scientific prediction: somewhere in the number Pi exists a string, right now universally, baked into the space-time continuum, in English, which says, "OT IS RIGHT." You may be vindicated after all!)

  • Comment number 17.


    JW

    What is American for U-turn?

    :)

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