大象传媒

The country was in terrible financial straits. Parliament granted the king revenues for life, the king relinquished his feudal dues from wardships, knight service, and other mediaeval survivals. Charles II was not interested in revenge, he tried to prevent Parliament executing Roundheads.

Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl of Shaftesbury

ANTHONY COOPER, FIRST EARL OF SHAFTESBURY (1621-1683)

• Whig Royalist who changed sides in 1643 and in 1653 joined Cromwell's Parliament
• Charles II's Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1661
• Lord Chancellor
• Supported both Declarations of Indulgence and was against Charles's Catholicism
• Dismissed from the Privy Council and supported Exclusion
• Charged with high treason but cleared
• Died in exile in the Netherlands in 1681

The corpses of Cromwell, Ireton and Bradshaw were pulled out of their coffins in Westminster Abbey, where they had been buried a few years earlier in solemn state, drawn through the streets on hurdles to Tyburn, hanged upon the three-cornered gibbet for 24 hours, their heads spiked up in prominent places and the remains cast upon the dunghill.

BILL PRESENTED TO PARLIAMENT TO CLEAR CHARLES I'S DEBTS
The committee for public debts, September the Third, sixteen hundred and sixty.

It be reported to the House as the opinion of this committee, that the debts hereafter mentioned are such as Parliament is bound to honour to take care of, which now stand charged as underwritten:

There is charged upon his Majesty's Exchequer and was charged thereupon by his late Majesty during the late troubles, the sum of, sixty five thousand pounds.

Tallies struck for the same, for money lent to his late Majesty by divers of the nobility and gentry, fifty thousand pounds.

There was charged by the Lords and Commons, the twenty second of April, sixteen hundred and forty six, for the yearly support of the queen of Bohemia, his Majesty's aunt, fifty thousand pounds.

For wares and commodities about the years sixteen forty one and sixteen forty two, sixty thousand pounds.

There is due to the old farmers of the Customs, for which they had tallies struck. two hundred and fifty three thousand pounds.

Due to the Princess Royal for her portion, for which his present Majesty is engaged, forty thousand pounds.

Due to his Majesty to the late Tin Farmers, certified as aforesaid, eleven thousand six hundred pounds.

The total being, five hundred and twenty nine thousand, six hundred pounds.

The aforementioned debts were all charged by his late majesty, and for which his present Majesty is engaged in honour to see satisfied, and are humbly offered to the Parliament by this committee as debts which in honour they are bound to take care of.

Memorandum. No part of the debts of his present Majesty, either in England or elsewhere, are brought into this account.

NB Charles II's debts were still to come.

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1645	New Model Army is established Laud is executed Use of the prayer book is forbidden
1646	Charles I surrenders to the Scots Receives propositions of Newcastle
1647	Scots hand Charles I over to the English
1649	Charles I is tried and executed The monarchy and the House of Lords are abolished The Commonwealth is declared.
1658	Oliver Cromwell dies
1660	Charles II signs the Declaration of Breda Charles II is restored to the throne
1662	Charles II marries Catherine of Braganza
1665	The Great Plague
1666	The Fire of London
1672	Charles II issues the Declaration of Indulgence
1677	Princess Mary marries William of Orange
1685	Charles II dies James II becomes king of England