The make of this object is Negretti Zambra, and it's dated around 1867. This company were active between 1850s and c 1935, and produced optical and scientific instruments, specialising in telescopes. Barometers are used for tracking changes in the weather.
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Quite a few of these pocket barometers also had an altimeter scale on a rotating bezel, this allowing a reference altitude to be set and then used to estimate highs of man mad objects, mountaineering as well as mining use. The Aneroid barometer is an instrument that is taken for granted and yet used in aircraft skydiving and even submarines to ensure that oxygen levels never reach a dangerously low pressure when running on internal combustion.