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Stars and planets – WJECComets and asteroids

The Earth forms part of a family of eight planets which orbit around the Sun. This solar system forms part of a huge collection of stars which form the Universe and are also known as galaxies.

Part of Physics (Single Science)Forces, space and radioactivity

Comets and asteroids

A diagram of the Solar System showing the orbits of the planets and the elliptical orbit of a comet. The comet's gas tail and the dust tail are labelled.

are balls of rock and ice. The ice melts as the comet gets closer to the Sun, producing its 'tail'. They have highly elliptical or eccentric orbits.

Many comets pass far outside of the solar system.

Asteroids

are large rocks that are mainly found in a belt between Mars and Jupiter. A dwarf planet called Ceres can be found in this asteroid belt. The rocks in the asteroid belt may be remnants of a planet that failed to form due to the strong gravitational attraction of Jupiter.