ý

Migration – WJEC Migration into, within and out of the UK

As a result of migration, the UK’s population structure has changed considerably in terms of ethnic composition. Voluntary and forced migration can be determined by several factors.

Part of GeographyRural-urban links

Migration into, within and out of the UK

is the movement of people from one area to another. The term covers a wide range of different movements from temporary, eg seasonal movements, to permanent changes in residence, either within a country or international movements between countries.

The majority of voluntary migrations can be explained by identifying a range of and factors. These include:

  • gaining employment
  • escaping poverty or natural hazards, eg earthquakes
  • farming fertile land
  • accessing services, eg schools and hospitals
  • joining friends and family
  • escaping war or civil unrest
  • living in a warmer climate, eg during retirement
  • attending university

Sometimes migration is forced - this is when a migrant has no choice but to move because of a natural disaster, war or persecution. Such a person is described as a .

There are reportedly more than 50 million refugees in the world. are refugees who have applied to another country to become citizens of that country.