ý

Spelling – WJECCommon rules to remember

English spelling can be tricky to master, partly because of the many influences on the English language over time. Luckily, there are strategies to help you remember correct spellings.

Part of English LanguageSpelling, punctuation and grammar

Common rules to remember

There are some general rules that can help when checking your spelling.

'i' before 'e' except after 'c'

Athletes in a race arriving at the finish line wearing t-shirts with the letters c, e or i printed on them to represent the spelling rule i before e except after c.

Notice how the ‘i’ comes before the ‘e’ in believe, achieve and retrieve.

But after a ‘c’ the ‘e’ comes before the ‘i’ as in receive, ceiling and deceit (beware that the word weird likes to break this rule - perhaps because it is weird!).

Past tense

Take care when using the past tense. You usually need to add ‘-ed’ to a verb, though some verbs need extra consonants as well.

Here are some examples of verbs that add ‘-ed’ in the past tense:

VerbPast tense
WalkWalked
DirectDirected
InspectInspected
WishWished
DiscussDiscussed
VerbWalk
Past tenseWalked
VerbDirect
Past tenseDirected
VerbInspect
Past tenseInspected
VerbWish
Past tenseWished
VerbDiscuss
Past tenseDiscussed

If a verb is three letters in length and ends in a consonant, you will usually need to double the consonant before you add ‘-ed’. For example:

VerbPast tense
HugHugged
TagTagged
PinPinned
NapNapped
TipTipped
VerbHug
Past tenseHugged
VerbTag
Past tenseTagged
VerbPin
Past tensePinned
VerbNap
Past tenseNapped
VerbTip
Past tenseTipped

Some verbs have irregular spellings in the past tense. You might need to invent to remember these. For example:

VerbPast tense
ThinkThought
BuyBought
RunRan
GoWent
ForgetForgot
VerbThink
Past tenseThought
VerbBuy
Past tenseBought
VerbRun
Past tenseRan
VerbGo
Past tenseWent
VerbForget
Past tenseForgot

Silent letters

Some words contain silent letters. These are not spoken aloud. For example:

Silent w - wrong, write, wrap, wrist

Silent b - climb, comb, thumb, lamb

Silent k - knowledge, knuckle, knee, knife

Some commonly misspelt words

Look at the list of commonly misspelt words and notice those that you are less confident about. Spend some time coming up with a mnemonic to remember the spelling and practise using the words when you can:

  • accommodation
  • assessment
  • interesting
  • weird
  • knowledge
  • acceptable
  • concentration
  • argument
  • listening
  • receive
  • atmosphere
  • collectable
  • proportion
  • development
  • beginning
  • mischief
  • daughter
  • noticeable
  • conclusion
  • permanent
  • abandoning
  • fierce
  • jealous
  • visible
  • evaluation
  • contentment
  • compromising
  • believe
  • explanation
  • invincible
  • appreciation
  • independent
  • confirming
  • foreign
  • liaison
  • negligible

Tip - it’s better to learn one or two a day than all of them at once!

Visit for more tips on spelling.