 |
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5th
C. |
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- |
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Sack of Rome |
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6th
C. |
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- |
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Kanem founded |
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570 |
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- |
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Birth
of Mohammed |
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610 |
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- |
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Beginning of call |
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622 |
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- |
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AH - Anno Hegira: year zero in Muslim calendar, dating from flight of the Prophet Mohammed from Mecca to Medina |
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632 |
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- |
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Death of Prophet Mohammed |
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639 |
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- |
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Muslim invasion of Egypt under Amr Ibn al-As challenging Roman Byzantine rule |
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640-750 |
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- |
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Umayyad Caliphate |
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642 |
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- |
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Byzantine administration expelled from Alexandria. Cairo founded South of Alexandria |
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657 |
|
- |
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Kharjitism (Kharjite Movement) starts in West of Maghreb (North Africa) |
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670 |
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- |
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Kairwan founded (in modern Tunisia) |
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690 |
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- |
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Byzantine fleet defeated at Carthage, Tunis built |
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early
8th C. |
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- |
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Western Algeria and Morocco conquered Old Ghana first mentioned in Arabic documents |
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711 |
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- |
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Atlantic coast of Morocco reached by Arabs |
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717 |
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- |
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Heavy taxation moves large numbers of Coptic Christians to convert to Islam |
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740 |
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- |
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Beginning of Kharjite revolt, leading to overthrow of Umayyad dynasty |
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750 |
|
- |
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Abbasid dynasty. Governing centre of Muslims moves from Mecca to Baghdad |
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800 |
|
- |
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Aghlabid dynasty established in Irfiqiya |
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late
9th C. |
|
- |
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Egypt
ruled by Turkish Military Governors & multi-ethnic army |
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910 |
|
- |
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|
Fatimid dynasty came to power in Kairwan and gains control of Central Maghreb |
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934 |
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- |
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Fatimid fleet sacks Genoa in Italy |
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950 |
|
- |
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|
Fatimid dynasty gains control of Northern Tunisia and Algeria |
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969 |
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- |
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|
Fatimid dynasty takes Egypt from Turkish military rulers |
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996-1021 |
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- |
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Persecution of Copts under Caliph el-Hakim |
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1009 |
|
- |
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Destruction of Church of Holy Sepulchre Jerusalem |
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1055 |
|
- |
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Almoravid
(al-Murabitun) movement gains control over gold trade through capturing
Sjilmasa in North and Awdaghust in South |
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1062 |
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- |
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Famine in North Africa. Fatimid dynasty in decline |
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1067 |
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- |
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Al Bakri compiles travelers' accounts of Ghana |
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1070 |
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- |
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Almoravid establishes Marrakesh |
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1083 |
|
- |
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Almoravid conquer all Maghreb west of Algiers |
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1086 |
|
- |
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Almoravid enter Spain |
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1147 |
|
- |
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Almohad
take Marrakesh led by Mohammed Ibn Tumart |
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1171 |
|
- |
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Fatimid dynasty rule shrunk to Egypt, and is overthrown by Kurdish Vizier Saladin (Saleh al Din ibn Ayub) who starts Ayubbid dynasty |
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1212 |
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- |
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Almohad
defeated in Spain by Christians. Almohad state collapses into three |
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1250 |
|
- |
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Ayyubid dynasty overthrown by Mamluk troops |
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1268 |
|
- |
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Monastery of Debra Libanos built at Shoa |
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1269 |
|
- |
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Marinid rule Morocco from Fes for two centuries. Hafsids rule Ifriquya until 16th. Century |
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Early
14th C. |
|
- |
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collapse of Mongol Empire |
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1317 |
|
- |
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Dongola Cathedral converted to Mosque |
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1324 |
|
- |
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|
Mansa Musa Emperor of Mali begins magnificent pilgrimage |
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1348 |
|
- |
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|
Black
Death reaches Maghreb from Sicily and kills over quarter of population of
North Africa |
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late
14th C. |
|
- |
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decline of Mali |
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15th
C. |
|
- |
|
|
rise of Songhay |
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1433 |
|
- |
|
|
Tuareg capture Timbuktu |
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1453 |
|
- |
|
|
Ottoman Turks take Constantinople |
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1517 |
|
- |
|
|
Ottoman Turks take Egypt from Mamluk rulers |
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|
1543 |
|
- |
|
|
Ethiopians
defeat Muslim army of Kingdom of Adal with help of Portuguese |
|
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|
1591 |
|
- |
|
|
Moroccans invade Songhay |
|
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1737 |
|
- |
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|
Tuareg seize Timbuktu, capital of old Mali |
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|
18th
C. |
|
- |
|
|
Jihads launched in Futa Jalon |
|
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|
1750 |
|
- |
|
|
Fulbe
rise up supported by Muslim traders and conquer settled farmers |
|
|
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|
1808 |
|
- |
|
|
All Hausa states under rule of Sokoto Caliphate of Usman dan Fodio |
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